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I will formulate my comment as a longer answer. Inside your loop() function, you use setColor() twice, directly in the lowest level. When you are not in the moodlight mode, the whole if statement aft …

As Majenko stated in the comments, an easy and discrete way would be using IR proximity sensors behind each book. … The IR light from them is invisible to the eye, they are easy to read with an Arduino and often the casing of the IR LED and IR sensor are black, so that you could easily hide them in a black backplate …

Putting the button code in that function doesn't make sense in the first place (since the buttons are not used to "get the pressed IR key"). …

IR remote controls normally don't send a "release" signal. But they often send a "repeat" signal in a defined frequency. The value of this signal depends on the remote, that you use. …

You are not asking to simply exit a switch-case statement, but to react to your IR remote button press during the execution of other code. … Maybe the library, that you are using, supports decoding IR signals trough interrupts. If not, you have one more option: From your code it seems, that the IR receiving part is non-blocking. …

It depends a bit on your precise requirements. Currently you are following the black line (meaning sensing black in the middle and white on the sides). Instead you could follow the border of that line …

It has an IR LED and a simple IR phototransistor, not more. The TSOP31238 in contrast is meant to receive data from IR remotes. IR remotes work with modulation of IR light. … This frequency is modulated with the actual data, meaning there are different time lengths were there is no IR signal and where there is a 38kHz IR signal. …

The IR receiver does not output a PWM (meaning Pulse Width Modulation) signal to the Arduino. It ouputs the demodulated IR signal. … A proper library for the Arduino can read the different data protocols used in common IR remotes. …

First define a variable to hold the previous decode results and a timestamp for saving when it arrived: decode_results previous_results; unsigned long previous_timestamp; On receiving a new value via IR …

and the code structure of your project is not relevant for your grade, you can do the following: Replace the obstacleD() function with one, that will also wait for a specific time and also check the IR … In that loop we are checking the IR sensor pin. If it reads HIGH, we add the elapsed time to our already_waited variable, stop and then loop while the IR sensor pin stays high. …

Normal IR distance sensors are just an LED and an IR photo transistor, sometime with some extra components. … The IR sensor depends also on the reflectiveness of the materials and the level of surounding IR light. …