How do I turn on 3 LEDs in a repetitive sequence where all three LEDs would then turn OFF when the push button used is released?

Question

Basically, how do I modify my code listed below to turn ON each of the three LEDs one at a time in a repetitive sequence while keeping the push-button pressed?

• Red (3 sec),
• Yellow (1 sec), and
• Green (3 sec).

I'm trying to get all three LEDs to turn OFF when the push button is released.

The code I wrote that doesn't allow me to achieve what I'm trying to do (I'm not sure where I went wrong):

#define Button_Pin 2  //Push Button Pin
#define LED_Pin_1 11 //Red LED
#define LED_Pin_2 10 //Yellow LED
#define LED_Pin_3 9  //Green LED

byte Button_State;

void setup() {
  pinMode(Button_Pin, INPUT);
  pinMode(LED_Pin_1,  OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED_Pin_2,  OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED_Pin_3,  OUTPUT);
  
  
  Serial.begin(9600); 
  Serial.println("Design Part B - Digital I-O Control");
  delay(1000); 
}

void loop() {
  Button_State = digitalRead(Button_Pin);
  Serial.print("Button State: ");
  Serial.print(Button_State);
  
  
  if (Button_State == 1){
    digitalWrite(LED_Pin_1, HIGH); 
    delay(3000); //Wait for 3 Secs
    digitalWrite(LED_Pin_2, HIGH); 
    delay(1000); //Waits for 1 Sec
    digitalWrite(LED_Pin_3, HIGH); 
    delay(3000); 
    Serial.println(" --> Button Pressed --> LED ON");
  }
  else{
    digitalWrite(LED_Pin_1, LOW); 
    digitalWrite(LED_Pin_2, LOW); 
    digitalWrite(LED_Pin_3, LOW); 
    Serial.println(" Button is Released --> LED OFF");
  }
}

Answer 1

You need a state machine (to remember which LED is currently on) and use millis() to find the current time, in a loop, which is testing whether the switch is closed or not.

If the switch is closed you compare the time now (with millis()) to the time you turned that particular LED on. When the time is up you advance the "state" (eg. a counter) to the next one, and remember the new time that this state change happened.

Answer 2

Having examined several sample sketches, including the recommended one, and watching instructional YouTube videos to grasp the fundamentals of Arduino programming, I am delighted to announce that my understanding of programming the Arduino and comprehending its functions has significantly improved, considering my novice status.

I can confidently assert that this question has been resolved, and I have enclosed the code that fulfills the initial requirements that was asked of me.

#define pushButton_pin 2
#define grn_LED_pin 9
#define yel_LED_pin 10
#define red_LED_pin 11

bool pushButton_state;

void setup() {
pinMode(pushButton_pin, INPUT);
pinMode(grn_LED_pin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(yel_LED_pin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(red_LED_pin, OUTPUT);

Serial.begin(115200);

Serial.println("Use push button (digital input) to control 3 LEDs (digital 
output)");
delay(1000); 
}

void loop() {
pushButton_state = digitalRead(pushButton_pin); 
Serial.println(pushButton_state); 
if (pushButton_state == 1) { 
digitalWrite(grn_LED_pin, LOW); 
digitalWrite(yel_LED_pin, LOW); 
digitalWrite(red_LED_pin, HIGH); 
Serial.println(" :push button state is 1, red LED is ON"); 
delay(2000);
digitalWrite(grn_LED_pin, LOW); 
digitalWrite(yel_LED_pin, HIGH); 
digitalWrite(red_LED_pin, LOW); 
Serial.println(" :push button state is 1, yel LED is ON"); 
delay(1000); 
digitalWrite(grn_LED_pin, HIGH); 
digitalWrite(yel_LED_pin, LOW); 
digitalWrite(red_LED_pin, LOW); 
Serial.println(" :push button state is 1, grn LED is ON");
delay(2000); 
} else {
digitalWrite(grn_LED_pin, LOW); 
digitalWrite(yel_LED_pin, LOW); 
digitalWrite(red_LED_pin, LOW); 
Serial.println(" :push button state is 0, all LEDs OFF"); 
}
delay(500);
}