put your server declaraition outside the constructor and call a class callback :
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <ESP8266WebServer.h>
ESP8266WebServer server(80);
// Function to create AccessPoint to get ssid and password
int Device::getWifiCredentials() {
server.begin();
// define callbacks
server.on("/", &Device::handleRoot, this); // initial page
server.on("/ssid", &Device::handleCredentials, this); // catch response from initial page
// wait for credentials to be delivered
server.handleClient();
while( WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED){
Serial.print(".");
delay(500);
}
return ACTION_SUCCESSFUL;
}