Is here some easy way to control bipolar motor without using any other external devices, drivers or shields? I have small motor from CD-ROM so I expect it's low voltage. By control I mean just turning clockwise and anti-clockwise and speed. I'm looking for easy to make circuit not just direct control from Arduino.
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1It depends on the motor but is quite unlikely for most motors due to the limited current (and voltage) the Arduino's GPIO pins can provide.– GhanimaMay 2, 2017 at 19:23
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I have 4 wire motor– user33349May 2, 2017 at 19:31
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Please give us more details. It will attract better answers.– SDsolarMay 2, 2017 at 20:08
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Welcome to Arduino SE. Be sure to take the tour to see how things work here: arduino.stackexchange.com/Tour– SDsolarMay 2, 2017 at 20:08
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Please edit your question (click the edit button, etc) and tell what you mean by control – ie, turning the motor on/off, or changing direction or speed, etc. Also list motor model number or specs – a low-voltage micromotor might not need external parts, but most motors will. If you improve the question people may vote it up.– James Waldby - jwpat7May 2, 2017 at 20:40
2 Answers
No. You cannot directly drive any bare motor directly from an Arduino without any external components. To do so will damage the Arduino.
You need a motor driver (or at least some transistors and diodes etc) to control the motor.
Taking a guess here, the current this motor requires will be exceeding the safe operation limits of the Arduino's GPIO pins. Furthermore without a flyback diode the voltage spike across the motor (an inductive load) when the current is reduced/switched off might kill the GPIO pin.
You will need a motor driver or transistor with flyback diodes to operate it.
This is a nice tutorial that has it sorted out for a CD ROM brushless motor.
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It's not just about the current - back EMF from the motor's coils will do nasty things to the Arduino.– MajenkoMay 2, 2017 at 21:30