Serial communication with Python

Question

I am trying to send integer from my Python program to Arduino MEGA. If I send 1, the LED should turn on and If I send 0 the LED should turn off.

I was able to write Python code correctly as I think. I have configure the port and made serialWrite(val) function for send data to Arduino only if data is changed. This not a full program. It has while loop. So, it writes data to Arduino rapidly. I used serialWrite(val) function to prevent that.

But, the LED never turns off, if I send 0. It turns on only. What are the problems in my code?

import serial as ser

prt = ser.Serial(
port='COM3',
baudrate=9600,
parity=ser.PARITY_NONE,
stopbits=ser.STOPBITS_ONE,
bytesize=ser.EIGHTBITS
)

preSerVal=0
#function for send data..data will send only val is changed
def serialWrite(val):
    global preSerVal
    if(not preSerVal == val):
        prt.write(str(val)+'\r\n')
        preSerVal=val

This is my Arduino program.

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
}
byte incomingByte;

void loop()
{
  if (Serial.available() > 0) {
    incomingByte = Serial.read();
      if (incomingByte == '1') {
        digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
    } else if (incomingByte == '0') {
        digitalWrite(13, LOW);
    }
  }
}

UPDATE 1

I write testing program like this.

Python code:

import serial as ser
import time

preSerVal=0
prt = ser.Serial(
port='COM3',
baudrate=9600,
parity=ser.PARITY_NONE,
stopbits=ser.STOPBITS_ONE,
bytesize=ser.EIGHTBITS
)
def serialWrite(val):
    global preSerVal
    if(not preSerVal == val):
         prt.write(str(val)+'\r\n')
         preSerVal=val

while 1:
   for i in range(0,10):
        serialWrite(0)
   time.sleep(1)
   for i in range(0,10):
        serialWrite(1)

Arduino code:

void setup() {
 Serial.begin(9600);
 pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
 digitalWrite(13, LOW);
}
byte incomingByte;

void loop()
{
  if (Serial.available() > 0) {
    incomingByte = Serial.read();
  if (incomingByte == '1') {
    digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
  } else if (incomingByte == '0') {
    digitalWrite(13, LOW);
  }
 }
}

This code gives this result. see the video bellow:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=utC4vo8YDVU&list=PLM5AA5oFchgC25da44Q2X900pz0eojSQJ&index=1

UPDATE 2

This is a piece of code..it sends 0..i checked it.

try:
    circles = np.uint16(np.around(circles))
    for i in circles[0,:]:
        houghCenter=(i[0],i[1])
        cv2.circle(src,houghCenter,i[2],(0,255,0),2)
        cv2.circle(src,houghCenter,2,(0,255,255),1)
        cv2.circle(drawing,houghCenter,i[2],(0,255,0),2)
        cv2.circle(drawing,houghCenter,2,(0,255,255),1)
        #print (houghCenter,"   ",contourCenter)
        dx=math.fabs(houghCenter[0]-contourCenter[0])
        dy =math.fabs(houghCenter[1]-contourCenter[1])
        if (dx>diff and dy>diff):
            serialWrite(0)
        else:
            serialWrite(1)
except Exception:
    serialWrite(0)

Answer 1

You are missing a second time.sleep(1). That is why the first loop executes correctly and the the LED flashed faster. Without any time.sleep() at all, the LED is going OFF/ON so fast that you cannot see it happen (may be it's just not so bright as usually).

while 1:
   for i in range(0,10):
        serialWrite(0)
   time.sleep(1)
   for i in range(0,10):
        serialWrite(1)
   time.sleep(1)